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Test Series Condition for Convergence Condition for Divergence Comment
\(n^{th}\) term test \[\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_n\] \[\lim\limits_{n \to \infty} a_n \ne 0\]
Geometric \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} ar^{n-1}\] \[ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} ar^{n} \] \[ \left|r \right| \lt 1 \] \[ \left|r \right| \gt 1 \] \[ S_{\infty} = \frac{a}{1-r} \] a is 1st term
Telescoping \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \left ( b_n-b_{n+1} \right ) \] \[ \lim_{n \to \infty} b_n = L \] \[ \] \[ S = b_1 - L \]
Integral Test \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_n\] \[ \int_{1}^{\infty} f(x)dx \] converges \[ \int_{1}^{\infty} f(x)dx \] diverges \( a_n \) must be positive, continuous, and decreasing for x \( \geq 1 \)
P-series \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^p} \] \[ p \gt 1 \] \[ 0 \lt p \leq 1 \]
Direct Comparison Test \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_n\] \[ 0 \leq a_n \leq b_n \] \( b_n \) converges \[ 0 \leq b_n \leq a_n \] \( b_n \) diverges
Limit Comparison Test \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_n\] \[ \lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{a_n}{b_n} = L \] \( b_n \) converges \[ \lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{a_n}{b_n} = L \] \( b_n \) diverges \[ a_n \gt 0 \] \[ b_n \gt 0 \] \( L \gt 0 \) and finite
Alternating Series Test \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} (-1)^{n} a_n\] \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} (-1)^{n+1} a_n\] \[1. \; \lim_{n \to \infty} a_n = 0 \] \[2. \; a_{n+1} \leq a_{n} \; \forall \; n \geq 1 \]
Ratio Test \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_n\] \[ \lim_{n \to \infty} \left | \frac{a_{n+1}}{a_{n}} \right | \lt 1 \] \[ \lim_{n \to \infty} \left | \frac{a_{n+1}}{a_{n}} \right | \gt 1 \] \[ \lim_{n \to \infty} \left | \frac{a_{n+1}}{a_{n}} \right | = 1 \] test fails
Test Series Condition for Convergence Condition for Divergence Comment
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